Effect of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy in the performance of the stomatognathic system - electromyographic analysis, bite force and masticatory efficiency.

Abstract

The Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is a neuromuscular disease with a pattern of genetic inheritance sex-linked lethal, which showed an incidence of 1:3500 boys. The Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is caused by changes located on the X chromosome locus Xp21, mainly in the gene (dys), which encodes a fibrous protein called dystrophin to sarcolemma. Individuals with the disease have clinical findings of progressive muscle weakness beginning in the proximal region of the lower limbs, usually around five years old. The first signs are evident in walking disorders having as a sign of the "Gowers". This cross-sectional observational study is to analyze the pattern of electromyographic activity of masseter and temporal muscles, bite force, the masticatory muscle thickness and efficiency of individuals with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy treated at UNAERP and University Hospital of Ribeirão Preto. The results of this research will allow full assessment of the stomatognathic system in terms of morphological and functional related to the disease and compare the data with a control group, healthy. The description and the correlation between the variables will be analyzed using descriptive statistics, normality test Komolgorov-Smirnov test, correlation tests (Pearson or Spearman). There will also be assessed the psychometric properties of the data on the internal consistency (ceiling and floor effects, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, the correlation matrix between items and item-total correlation) and discriminant validity ("t" test). Multiple linear regression models verify the relationship between the EMG data, bite force, chewing efficiency and ultrasound.