TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF SYSTEM INSTALLED IN TROPICAL FORAGE CROP-LIVESTOCK INTEGRATION IN CERRADO

Abstract

The agricultural areas of grain and livestock are standing out, especially in the Cerrado by increasing technological and especially the appearance of linking together a system that completes itself with farming and ranching, called Crop-Livestock Integration (ILP), with the possibility of two simultaneous activities , for profit and sustainability of the farming system with possibility of raising the productivity of production systems, with beneficial effects on physical, chemical and biological soil properties, becoming thus a reality in current research and extension, based consortium in the production of grain crops, especially corn and tropical forages, especially of the genera Panicum and Brachiaria, both in the no-tillage System as the conventional one. Thus, the research work will be installed in an area of Oxisol, belonging to the Faculdade de Engenharia/UNESP, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo state - Brazil, located in Selvíria-MS, under irrigated conditions in the Cerrado. Two experiments will be conducted in the area. The first is by a consortium consisting of corn, with species of Panicum (Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania) and Brachiaria (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés) in the system of Crop-Livestock Integration in two spacings lines (0,90 and 0,45 m) and three times of harvest, for the purpose of production of silage or grain. The second experiment is composed of nitrogen (50 kg N ha by cutting in the fall / winter) or no coverage in this practice, the forage after each intercropping system with maize and its effect on subsequent soybean crop. The work will aim to assess: 1) The performance and quality of silages produced in different production systems evaluated, 2) yield components and grain yield in the consortium in different spacing and grazing herbage; 3) to evaluate each cut from autumn to spring, forage productivity and its chemical composition after harvesting silage, 4) in the last section, check addition of forage productivity, and the macronutrient breakdown of stubble after desiccation of forage in the spring and its effect on subsequent soybean crop, 5) evaluate during the conduct of production systems, changes in chemical properties and soil bulk density in the 0 to 0.10 and from 0.10 to 0.20 m at the end of each production cycle , besides the determination of carbon stocks; 6) evaluate the economic performance of the ILP under no-till during the study to verify the sustainability and profitability of each system.