Anatomical study of palato-gingival groove in maxillary central incisors

Abstract

The palato-gingival groove (PGG) is a developmental anomaly that affects mainly the maxillary incisors. It begins at or near the cingulum of the tooth, and furrows the tooth root showing a variety of depths and lengths. Its incidence, depth and length, are of clinical importance, since in periodontics can be the causative agent of severe and localized periodontitis, and in endodontics cause division in root canal and the appearance of accessory foramina. The objective of this study is to conduct a study about the presence, shape, length and depth of the palato-gingival groove in maxillary central incisors. It Will use about 1.500 maxillary central incisors from the collection of the Departament of Anatomy FOSJ Campos - UNESP. Each tooth will have your root portion inspected in order to verify the presence and depth of the PGG. The palato-gingival grooves found will be classified according to the system proposed by Gu (2011), as: Type I (short and superficial), Tipe II (long and superficial), and Type III (long and deep). When Complete this classification, all teeth wich have present the groove will be x-rayed and six of them (two of each type classified) shall be submitted to diaphanization process. Finally will be separated at least one representative tooth for each type of PGG found to obtain histological sections and subsequent mesoscopic analysis, all data will be stored in chips appropriate by the types of palato-gingival grooves found, for later be submitted to statistical analysis.(AU)