Production of soybeans enriched with molybdenum: physiological quality, chemical and nutritional changes and study the translocation of molybdenum from cotyledons to the plant

Abstract

The growth of production and increase in the competitive capacity of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) has always been associated with scientific advances and the availability of technology to the productive sector. Given this growth, it is known that molybdenum is an essential nutrient for soybeans, especially in the process of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Therefore, this paper aims to produce soybean seeds enriched with molybdenum as a function of the micronutrient doses applied in the culture and observe the differences between varieties as the answer to these doses, as the behavior of these seeds' physiological quality and nutrition that quantity and time is the translocation of molybdenum present in the cotyledons to the plant information during the stages of germination, emergence, and initial establishment. The experiment is being developed in the Education Farm, Research and Extension / UNESP - Campus of Ilha Solteira, located in the Selvíria - MS (51 ° 22'W, 20 ° 22'S, altitude 335 m approximately), in an Oxisol Alic and texture loamy, cultivated for several years with corn, soy or beans. The experimental design is the randomized block with treatments arranged in a factorial 2 x 4 (varieties x doses) with four replications. The cultivars used are to be BRS Valiosa RR and BMX Potência RR. The doses of molybdenum to be used are 0, 200, 400, and 800 g Mo ha-1 and are applied to leaves, in two applications to be carried out in stages R3 and R5-4. Sowing took place on 12/06/2011 and the day of germination in the field was 12/11/2011, indirect and acreage irrigated by the center pivot, where the preceding crop was corn. Sowing is mechanized using the 0.45 m spacing between rows and sowing density of 16 seeds per meter of furrow for both varieties. The seeds were treated with fungicides and inoculated as recommended for the crop. The plots are composed of 7 lines 15 m long. Will be held the following evaluations: final population of plants, agronomic characteristics, the mass of 100 seeds, seed production, molybdenum content in the seed physiological quality (% germination, first count of germination, emergence rate index, accelerated aging and electrical conductivity) and nutrition (protein and oil content) of the seeds immediately after harvest and after 6 months of this evaluation will be performed daily and total translocation of molybdenum present in the cotyledons in training for the plant in a greenhouse.(AU)