Microbial population on production systems of grains and tillage

Abstract

This proposal sets up a request for reconsideration of the process nº 2011/02003-1, in which will be developed at the Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho", on Faculty of Engineering, Campus Ilha Solteira in partnership with Embrapa Agropecuária Centro-Oeste, with located in Dourados, MS city. Bacteria and fungi are the most active organisms in the decomposition of organic compounds in the soil. These microorganisms affect directly, the availability of nutrients for plants and chemical and physical properties of soils. The soil is difficult to study, because it is a complex and dynamic ecosystem. The microbial transformations, due to the different populations and chemical reactions that occur in it, can be changed whenever the ecosystem suffers some interference. Thus, applying different types of management, one would expect a quantitative and qualitative change in the constitution of the soil, and microbial diversity. Different types of management can mean different availability of substrate that will determine, promoting or inhibiting the establishment of different microbial groups. This study aims to study soil microbial groups (cellulolytic, ammonificing, nitrifiers) in no-till system with crop rotation for grain production. This will be assessed for grain yield in the 2011-2012 seasons. It will be given to local microbiota, using the classic tools of microbial isolation and quantification. The use of molecular biology tools in order to know a little more group of bacterial in this soil conditions. With it, you can make a correlation of microbial isolates observed during the cropping system, with the nutritional information of soil and grain production. With such information, will power indication to a new system of planting for the region, and obtain information from the soil microbial biodiversity that system, providing the basis for future studies of ecology and conservation of the cropping soil.