Third generation biosensors based on the interaction among reduced graphene oxide, ionic liquids and oxidase enzymes.

Abstract

The development of nanoscience has allowed the optimization of a series of parameters that make up an electrochemical biosensor, such as the interface between electrode and biological material, efficiency of the chemical signal transduction, response time and compatibility with biological matrices. Among the nanomaterials used for this purpose, the reduced graphene oxide appears as a candidate able to overcome the results obtained so far with conventional electrodes or even with biosensors formed by carbon nanotubes, presenting detections at lower potential with better analytical performances.Therefore, this project involves the construction of third generation biosensors by monitoring the direct electron transfer between reduced graphene oxide and oxidase enzymes. In order to optimize the performance of the biosensors, the project seeks to incorporate ionic liquids for the maintenance of electronic and chemical properties of reduced graphene oxide and also for improving the stability and catalytic activity of the enzymes.It is noteworthy that the use of reduced grapheme oxide in the third generation biosensors is a new scientific issue, lacking in understanding of phenomena involved in direct electron transfer between the carbon material and the biological component.