Immunohistochemical characterization of inflammatory cells and pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines in canines breast carcinomas

Abstract

Inflammation is a critical component of tumor progression and its malignancy can be correlated with the inflammatory response induced by cytokines and leukocytes infiltrating the site of tumor growth. This study aimed to characterize by immunohistochemistry the inflammatory infiltrate and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in canine mammary carcinomas. To this it was made immunodetection of macrophages, lymphocytes (CD3, CD4, CD8, Treg) and cytokines (MIF, IL-10, IL-4 and TGF-² and IFN-c). Evaluating the average immunostainings by T test and analysis of variance. There was statistical difference (p <0.0001) between the control group and the group of samples from animals with simple breast carcinoma in all parameters, an increase in average animal affected by cancer. When the split occurred by histological type, all antibodies showed differences with the control group (p <0.0001). It was concluded that the simple mammary carcinomas showed an increase in macrophages count, T lymphocytes, helper T lymphocytes, Tregs as well as increased immunostaining for MIF, IL-10, IL-4 and TGF-² compared to the control group. Simple breast carcinomas solid histological pattern showed lower counts macrophages, helper T lymphocytes and Tregs, and lower immunostaining c IFN-, IL-4 and TGF-² that tubular carcinoma and papillary pattern.