Different rates of tramadol infusion in analgesia trans and instant postoperative of dogs undergoing osteosynthesis

Abstract

Multimodal analgesic has been increasingly used in veterinary and tramadol, a centrally acting opioid analgesic, has demonstrated be effective in controll moderate to severe pain. This study aims to determine the tramadol dose and infusion rate order analgesia during and after surgery immediately, and to observe possible changes cardiovascular and respiratory, check blood of tramadol by continuous infusion at three different rates, determine the minimum plasma concentration of tramadol required to provide analgesia during and after surgery and to assess the length and degree of residual postoperative analgesia. Will be used 30 dogs were divided into three groups, which receive a bolus of tramadol (2 mg/kg) immediately after induction (propofol and midazolam) and general anesthesia (isoflurane) followed by infusion of tramadol at different rates, as follows: G1: 1,5mg/kg/h; G2: 2,0mg/kg/h; G3: 2,5 mg/kg/h. Blood samples will be collected for assessment of blood gas parameters, serum cortisol and determination of serum levels of tramadol. The post-operative analgesia will be evaluated through scores. Will be used the following statistical tests, considering P <0.5: ANOVA for variables with normal distribution and the means compared using the Tukey test. For variables that did not display normal distribution and ordinal qualitative variables will be used the Kruskal-Wallis test to compare the groups at all times and the Friedman test to compare times within each group, followed by Dunn test for multiple comparisons. (AU)