Assessment genotoxicity of photodynamic therapy with phthalocyanine-chlorine-alumina (AlPc) and Alumina-chlorine-phthalocyanine liposomal (ALPcCL) in differenr cell lines.

Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a modality of treatment of neoplastic diseases and nonneoplastic characterized by overgrowth of unwanted or abnormal cells. The technique requires the administration of a light-sensitive compound (photosensitizer), presence of molecular oxygen and visible light at a wavelength compatible with the absorption spectrum of the drug. This therapy generates reactive oxygen species that induces numerous cellular responses including cell death. The variation of cell type, the photosensitizer and its incubation conditions, as well as the parameters used for lighting can significantly alter the response against the GT. The phthalocyanines belong to a second generation photosensitizers have been required for cancer therapy, the increasing interest in this new class of photosensitizers is justified by its high absorption coefficient (630-750nm), allowing greater penetration of light in biological tissues . The water-soluble phthalocyanines do not show cytotoxicity, but are not known genotoxic effects, such as formation of micronuclei (MN). Among several possible cellular changes, the formation of micronuclei is a good indicator of clastogenic action on genetic material. Therefore, measurement of the frequency of MN induced by mutagens has been widely used in the analysis of cytogenetic damage. Micronucleus (MN) is an additional core and separated from the main nucleus of a cell, consisting of fragments of chromosomes or chromosomes that are not included in the main nucleus during mitosis. Although the cellular repair mechanisms are extremely efficient, the sensitivity of chromosome structure allows the action of clastogenic and aneugenic agents during mitosis and meiosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the genotoxicity of PDT with chlorine-aluminum phthalocyanine (SALW) and chloro-aluminum-phthalocyanine liposomal (AlPcCl) in different cell lines, using the micronucleus and characterization of cell death by necrosis and apoptosis.