MOLECULAR ANALYSIS IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH DIABETES AND MILD GESTATIONAL HYPERGLYCEMIA AND IN THEIR NEWBORNS

Abstract

The group IB corresponds to pregnant women with mild hyperglycemia, or women who have positive screening but negative diagnosis for gestational diabetes (GDM) tolerance test glucose (TTG100g normal), and altered response in plasma glucose (PG). This group was accidentally in 1983, when prospective design was developed to standardize the PG compared with the TTG100g in the diagnosis of diabetes in pregnancy. These women have insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, increased susceptibility to develop Type 2 Diabetes a few years after birth, and 53.8% of their newborns (NB) are large for gestational age and / or macrosomic, similar to women GDM. The insulin signaling is mediated by a complex and highly integrated network that controls various processes and is responsible for most of the metabolic actions of insulin by regulating the expression of some genes and control of cell growth and differentiation. The gene for insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) produces a protein IRS-1, a molecule that is expressed in many tissues sensitive to insulin, which is a very important role in regulating the effects of insulin in the cell. The IRS-1 gene is highly polymorphic and these polymorphisms may impair the function of IRS-1. The replacement is the most prevalent Gly-Arg polymorphism at codon 972 (Arg972) of IRS-1 gene that shows a direct link to insulin resistance, lipid disorders, diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes mellitus type 2. This study aims to evaluate the context of diabetes and mild hyperglycemia during pregnancy, to identify possible genetic alterations that change the glucose, which can increase the risk for future development of degenerative diseases in pregnant women or their descendants.