Effect of differents physical exercise programs of low cost in indicator of humor, cognitive function, physical activity level, cardiovascular risk, treatment costs of patients with depressive disorders at public healthcare system

Abstract

Depression is a disease with high incidence, has shown association with cognitive decline, reduction in daily levels of physical activity and chronic diseases such as hypertension, metabolic syndrome, obesity and type 2 diabetes, its treatment is a major challenge for the system primary health care and use of pharmacologic strategies combined with nonpharmacological seems to be the most effective option in treatment. We highlight among the non-pharmacological strategies exercise, especially continuous aerobic exercise programs that have demonstrated effectiveness in the treatment of various chronic diseases. However, programs that explore activities with high motor complexity (eg coordination exercises) seems to have greater cortical activation potential, which is closely related to improvement of brain structures that can collaborate in the outcomes of depression and cognitive decline, reduced levels of physical activity, and also have the potential to promote the benefits related to energy expenditure and cardiovascular system such as amply demonstrated by physical exercise. Thus, this study aims to develop a physical exercise program for 6 months (24 weeks), with two weekly sessions of 60 minutes duration, considering three randomized groups (continuous aerobic exercise, aerobic exercise with high motor complex (coordinative) and control group) and patients in the public health system as the population (individuals over 40 years of age, diagnosed with depression and are undergoing treatment in mental health programs. The inventory of Beck depression will be the primary outcome, and related cognition outcomes, level of physical activity, cardiovascular risk and treatment costs will also be evaluated as secondary outcomes (initial time, after 12 weeks and after 24 weeks). This proposal will demonstrate the effectiveness of these exercise models, clarifying whether aerobic exercise with high complexity motor (coordinative) showed greater improvement in outcomes of interest when compared to continuous aerobic exercise and control group. In addition, this research will highlight issues that may contribute to solving the priority health problems of the population, especially at the local level, and to strengthen the management of the Unified Health System (SUS). (AU)