Establishment of research protocols and preventive strategies for dental erosion

Abstract

Due to the high prevalence of dental erosion found in recent years, there is a need for appropriate studies methodologies and therapies to prevent or to inhibit the advance of this alteration. The aim of this study is to find a reference saliva to be used in in vitro studies of erosion that better simulates the clinical situation and seek an effective measure for the prevention of dental erosion. Thus, the study will be divided into 7 subprojects, in which 3 are related to research protocols and 4 to preventive measures. In all subprojects bovine enamel will be used, after surface hardness measurement for selection and stratified randomization. In the subproject I, the in vitro remineralizing potential (2h) on the eroded enamel (immersion in 0.05 M citric acid, pH 2.5) of different formulations of artificial saliva and pool of human saliva with and without mucin will be evaluated in comparison with human saliva situ. In the subproject II, the protective effect against erosive demineralization (immersion in citric acid 0.05 M, pH 2.5) when enamel is previous exposed (2h) to artificial saliva formulations and pool of human saliva with and without mucin in vitro will be compared to human saliva situ. The sub-project III will evaluate the effect of various formulations of artificial saliva in vitro compared to human saliva situ when subjected to erosive challenge (2 min citric acid followed by 2 hours of remineralization) 4 times per day, 5 days. In the sub-project IV the in vitro protective effect of different types of oil emulsions and a fluoride solution will be evaluated regarding enamel demineralization using one initial erosive challenge (immersion in 0.05 M citric acid, pH 2.5 ). In addition, the subproject V the in situ effect of the oil emulsion defined in the previous subproject, an oil emulsion added to a fluoride solution, a fluoride solution and deionized water (control) will be tested using an erosive challenge (2 min citric acid) 4 times daily for 5 days. The subproject VI will assess in situ the effect of aspartame solution compared to a stannous fluoride solution or deionized water (control) when enamel is subjected to erosive tooth wear (challenge 2 min citric acid, four times a day for 5 days ). Finally the sub-project VII will evaluate the effectiveness of the application of the dentifrice containing calcium silicate, phosphate and fluoride (tradename: REGENERATE Enamel Science) in preventing erosive wear situ considering episodes of erosion and abrasion (erosion 2 min citric acid, 4X / day and toothpaste abrasion 2X / day for 15 s, during 5 days). In sub I, II and IV the response variable will be surface hardness (% hardness recovery-I and % of hardness loss- II and IV) and in sub III, V, VI and VII will be enamel loss using profilometry. Statistical analysis will be applied to the normality and homogeneity tests to determine the use of parametric or non-parametric tests, the level of significance will 5%. (AU)