Evaluation of the activity of the tongue and of the masticatory muscles performance in children with and without malocclusion

Abstract

There is a consensus concerning the influence of orofacial muscles in tooth positioning. However, to date no data explains the combined action of tongue and masticatory muscles in dental arches. In addition, usually the different stages of tooth eruption are not considered. Thus, the present research evaluates muscle activities (tongue and masticatory muscles) in different dental arches considering tooth eruption stages as covariables. The sample will be consisted of 86 healthy children (with and without malocclusion) classified according to the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (DHC-IOTN). The mandible movements will be recorded in accordance with specific clinical questionnaire (Axis 1, Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders - RDC/TMD). The dental occlusion condition, such as presence and intensity of premature occlusal contacts, will be analyzed through the T-Scan® III Occlusal Analysis System. The maximum molar bite force will be measured using the digital gnathodynamometer. Tongue pressure and lip strength will be evaluated by Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI). Masticatory muscles activity (masseter, temporalis and supra-hioide) will be quantified through electromyography. After data compilation, statistics will verify significant differences among groups. Statistical correlation tests will be applied as well as regression models to identify tendency among variables. (AU)