Evaluation of coacervate whey protein cheese, chitosan and galactooligosaccharide in modulation imunometabolic, gut microbiota and fatty acid profile in mice with diet-induced obesity

Abstract

The consumption of a high fat diet, known as one of the factors that lead to obesity, may trigger concomitant changes in intestinal microbiota through the imbalance between the two main phyla settlers microorganisms: Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Changing the microbiota can generate endotoxemia due to the large production of LPS (lipopolysaccharide) by gram-negative intestinal bacteria. The LPS can cause increased inflammatory response of the intestine from reaching the systemic level by activation of toll-like receptor pathway and secretion of all cytokines involved in this process, characterizing feature of subclinical inflammation obesity. In addition, high-fat diet can alter the fatty acid profile of the intestinal membrane phospholipids. This change in composition can lead to a modification of responses of various membrane receptors, including those of the toll-like family as they are anchored in membranes. Several studies have shown that whey proteins have bioactive activity in the prevention of obesity, as well as galactooligosaccharide prebiotic fibers GOS induce the proliferation of beneficial bacteria in the colon. However, the purpose of this project is study the association of the coacervates whey proteins in chitosan and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) on the modulation of immune-metabolic state and fatty acids of membrane phospholipids in animals with diet-induced obesity, the which is not yet reported in the literature. (AU)