Effect of ripeners on the technological quality, metabolic components, calorific power from trash and residuality products in sugarcane

Abstract

The chemical ripeners are a fundamental tool in the management of varieties of sugarcane to enhance the quality of raw material. These ripeners have different mechanisms of action in the plant, some are growth regulators and other totally paralyze the plant growth on the plant, according to sub-lethal used, showing changes in the balance of metabolic processes in plant. Within these changes may alter the physiology (chlrophyll), enzymatic (invertase), bioenergy (cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose), technology (Pol% cane) properties as well as chemical and/or physical. Such modifications or changes can be short or long term according to the interaction of plant physiology, environment and residuality or product degradation. According to the above, it is important to determine the residuality or degradation of ripeners during the action in the ripening of the sugarcane until the time of harvest, to ensure raw material safe for sugar production or as popular drink in Brazil, complying with national and international standards on Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs), besides ensuring residual effect in the same plant that can affect the productivity of the next sugarcane. Thus, will be conducted in the agricultural year 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 an experiment in plant cane and ratoon cane, in Da Barra Sugar Mill, belonging to the Raízen Group, Barra Bonita-SP. In order to verify the effects of three ripeners at different rates and timing of sampling in variety RB966928 to start the harvest's season will be the ripeners Glyphosate, Sulfometuron methyl and Ethyl trinexapac, with sampling at 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after application (DAA). The experimental design is a randomized block split plot with four replications. In order to verify the effects on plant metabolism in pre and post-harvest will be evaluated physiological (chlorophyll a, b, total and a/b), technological (POL, BRIX, ATR, ART, TCH, TPH), biochemical (invertase: SAI and NI, SS and SPS), chemical (glyphosate, AMPA, shikimic acid, sulfometuron methyl, ethyl trinexapac), bioenergy (lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose and fiber) parameters and growth factors (height, number of tillers). The effect of applying these chemicals ripeners in the dosages and timing of sampling on the parameters, technological, biochemical, bioenergetic and chemical degradation in the plant through the residuality. (AU)