Impact of hospitalization in the functional status in adults and elderly patients in a public tertiary hospital: is it possible to predict these changes?

Abstract

Prolonged immobilization in bed can trigger changes in different body systems and functional capacity. During hospitalization, rest happens frequently and changes in functional capacity installed in this period can last even after discharge. This environment may induce patients to inactivity that can affect the musculoskeletal system, particularly muscle strength. Moreover, this environment promotes a sensory deprivation that may trigger changes in balance among other damage to the patient, such as lowering their quality of life related to health. Objectives: To quantify the changes in functional capacity during the period of hospitalization and evaluate the predictors of these losses in the post-discharge. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study that will be conducted in the wards of Central Institute of Hospital das Clinicas, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo. Will be included patients of both sexes, aged e 50 years old, who have signed the term of agreement of the Ethics Committee of the Hospital das Clinicas. Will be excluded patients with cognitive deficits, with diagnosis of dellírium, those who fail to carry out the proposed tests and/or presenting > 72 hours of admission to the ward. Sociodemographic and clinical data will be evaluated based on the analysis of medical records. Data of patients from an intensive care unit (ICU) will be assessed through structured information about previous hospitalization in this unit. Functional evaluations shall be applied within 72 hours after admission to the ward and repeated on the day of discharge. Calls after 1 and 3 months of discharge will be conducted to detect unwanted events and current functional status of the patient. Statistical analysis: The sample size was calculated based on the number of variables per individual (AU)