Order, civilization and territory in XIX century Brazil, military settlements in the 1850ths until 1889

Abstract

In this research we want to study the establishment of military colonies between 1850 and 1889 in various parts of Brazil. The idea was part of the government's effort to integrate the territory to ensure the flow of people and goods in regions not connected to the market , with few safe ways , the existence of " aggressive " indigenous peoples , conflict with the free poor population, quilombo. In the context of the late praieira and difficult control of the forests between Pernambuco and Alagoas , former President of Pernambuco Hermeto Carneiro Leão suggests that the foundation of military colonies is signed into law ( they had founded the first isolated in Pará, Araguaia ) and applied to regions of conflict . Was an appropriate strategy for the peace policy of the parties , and would have broad support in the 1850s . During the Paraguayan War military colonies was not effective , many were destroyed by Paraguayan troops. At the end of the 1860s, some were closed, transformed into villages, however fulfilling its role as a settlement and " ownership" of the territory . In the 1870s and 1880s the project would be reconsidered, few new colonies emerged . This research thus has two focus: a general look for the progress of the project in the offices of the central government , the Ministry of War and Empire, 1850-1889 . Another for the particular cases that show different embodiments of the draft military colonization , and therefore help us to understand and discuss the broader project . Study the military colonies in the provinces of Pernambuco , Alagoas , Minas Gerais , Mato Grosso and Pará interested to investigate the dynamics of the founding of each colony these provinces , understand the conflicts that marked each region. We have already started searching for the colonies installed " in the middle of the woods " on the border between Alagoas and Pernambuco , central to our study . Are the fights in the woods , vis a vis the struggles in the cabinet , the focus of our problem. Civilize the hinterlands with military colonies was a state policy . The constitutional monarchical state sought by the laws and agreements resolve issues considered " chronic " ( new postal law , immigrant communities , military colonies , inland shipping companies , railways ), aiming to modernize the nation to facilitate progress. (AU)