Evaluation of immune-metabolic blood cells in obese subjects: role of physical exercise and PPAR-gamma

Abstract

Previous studies have shown that sedentary lifestyle is associated with the development of dyslipidemia, chronic low-grade inflammation and obesity. Based on existing literature, and in previous studies of our group, we hypothesized that changes immuno - metabolic, systemic and tissue, favoring the onset and progression of several diseases and are directly involved with the state of physical training. Additionally, we suggest the involvement of gene transcription factors coordinating these changes, such as the activated receptor peroxisome proliferator-gamma (PPAR - ³). Given these facts the objective of this project is to examine the immune response of individuals in different metabolic conditions of physical training, attempt to clarify the response of the project participants to different exercise programs. To test our hypothesis , initially, will be recruited 45 subjects, men aged 18-30 years were obese (BMI e 30 kg/m2). The group will consist of three subdivisions, to be: 1) Sedentary ( not engage in any physical training), 2) moderate exercise training (aerobic training held at 50 % of maximal aerobic power for 30 minutes), 3) Training high intensity physical (aerobic training held at 100 % of maximal aerobic power, intermittently, 1 minute exercise for 1 minute of rest). Physical training of both groups will be conducted in cycle ergometer 3 times per week for 16 weeks. Blood samples will be performed at rest and immediately after acute bout of exercise 5 times, 1) Pre-training, 2) after 4 weeks of training, 3) after 8 weeks of training, 4) after 12 weeks of training, 5) after 16 weeks of training. Evaluate the metabolic profile, inflammation, as well as the phenotype (pro-or anti-inflammatory) of blood cells and gene expression and activation of the transcription factor PPAR-³ gene . Experiments with monocyte culture (in vitro) and animal models (noucates PPAR-³) will provide better understanding of the involvement of PPAR-³ in regulating immune-metabolic. This project aims to find a better understanding of mechanisms of action of physical, checking the direct impact on the elucidation of the issues related to dyslipidemia, as well as the development of new therapies that target intracellular pathways underlying the inflammatory process. (AU)