Study of Raman Spectroscopy in fossildiagenesis and skeletogenesis: paleoecological and paleoevolutionary implications

Abstract

Raman spectroscopy is a high resolution photonic technique, used for identification of specific molecular compounds allowing clear information about the organic and inorganic molecular structures. The application of Raman spectroscopy is varied, being used for studies in archeology, forensic criminalistics, chemistry, astrobiology, paleontology, etc. Since this is a non destructive analysis procedure, Raman spectroscopy is ideally suited for the study of fossil. Because it is technology whose fossils application is relatively recent, Brazilian studies that use such technologies in fossils are scarce. One of the great paleontological research applications of Raman spectroscopy is the possibility of differentiation of the elements and compounds found in the rock matrix and those that constitute the fossil. The objectives of this project are: a) applying Raman spectroscopy in different types of fossils to clarify paleoecological and paleoevolutionary issues b) integrate Raman spectroscopy with other advanced techniques in the study of fossils, such as high resolution X-ray microtomography, X-ray fluorescence, isotope analyzes, Raman laser with five powers and synchotron c) increasing knowledge about the effects of diagenetic fossilization process through the use of innovative methods and techniques of studying the preservational types of fossils d) identification of the chemical composition and the skeletogenesis of carapace of metazoans and microfossils of the Precambrian (Tamengo Formation), e) to recognize the preservational types and how diagenesis acted in the preservation of lingulids (Devonian, Paraná Basin), comparing the results with actual lingulids, to determine differences in biomineralization of shells and its implication in the fossil record. The development and application of new techniques in the study of fossils includes an innovative aspect of this proposal, expanding the knowledge about new tools for chemical study of fossils and might serve as a model in the implementation of future studies in paleontology. (AU)