PD1, apoptosis and arginase in canine visceral leishmaniasis

Abstract

The Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a chronic and often fatal disease and it is increasing in number in the state of São Paulo, in urban areas as Araçatuba city. According to the Secretary of Epidemiological Surveillance of São Paulo State, the disease is expanding with a high mortality rate, and the Araçatuba region has the largest number of cases in the state. The canine VL is a serious public health problem because infected animals are powerful transmitters of the parasite to humans through the vector, and canine disease is more prevalent than the human disease, canine cases usually precede human cases. The dog is therefore a major target in control measures. The progression of canine disease is accompanied by failure in cellular immunity with reduced circulating lymphocytes and cytokines that suppress the function of macrophages, suppression of T cells is well documented, but the mechanisms that lead to failure in the immune response are poorly understood. Just want to check on the dogs naturally infected if the failure of cellular immunity and increased parasite load may be due to the expression of molecules negative costimulatory and increased arginase 1 in the spleen. The expression of PD1 and their ligands will be evaluated together with the activity of the enzyme arginase 1 and will be quantified parasite burden. (AU)