Evolution of acute and chronic renal injury in rats submitted to physical preconditioning: involvement of endothelium

Abstract

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) can participate in the regeneration of endothelial cells and neovascularization by direct or indirect pathways. The amount of circulating EPCs is influenced by several factors such as different stages of disease, medication, age, fitness level and is an independent predictor of renal disease progression and cardiovascular events. Clinical and experimental studies over the past 10 years clearly show that physical training has beneficial effects on endothelial function and provide solid evidence that can induce the mobilization of customer premises equipment from the bone marrow, thus possibly influencing the regeneration of the endothelial cell layer. This study intend to evaluate the influence of physical preconditioning in experimental models of acute kidney injury (induced by administration of cisplatin) and chronic (5/6 nephrectomy), focusing on the participation of EPCs in the regeneration of the endothelium as well in the inflammatory processes and in the evolution of the renal lesions observed in these animals. Male Wistar rats previously submitted or not to physical training in treadmill running for 8 weeks will be injected with cisplatin (5 mg/kg) or underwent 5/6 nephrectomy. The structure and renal function, cardiac and respiratory function, levels of angiotensin II, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), and pro or anti-inflammatory [tumoral necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-10] cytokines in renal tissue and urine, endothelial function, as well as levels of EPCs will be evaluated 5 days after injection of cisplatin or 15 and 90 days after nephrectomy. Therefore, this study can contribute to the advancement in understanding the influence of the endothelial repair after the acute or chronic insult on the evolution of the renal lesions, as well as the role of the previous physical training in this process. (AU)