Genotypes obtaining superior rubber (Hevea spp.) for the State of São Paulo

Abstract

The most important character in the genetic improvement of rubber tree Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Adr. Of Juss) Muell.-Arg. is the production of latex. However, the expression of this potential is generally influenced by several factors inherent in the genetic tree, as vigor, bark thickness, wind resistance, disease, etc.. and environmental factors such as management practices, system bleeding, stimulation, planting density, nutrition, etc.. The Breeding program adopted by the Agronomic Institute, consists of three stages of selection. First tries to obtain progeny by controlled or open pollination, for the training of nursery progenies. At two and a half years based on preliminary assessments of production through early tests, vigor and disease tolerance, the ortetes are selected and cloned to be tested in experiments Evaluation of Small Scale Clones (EAPEs). In this second stage of selection, after the first year of tapping the promising clones are multiplied and are currently being evaluated in experiments on Large Scale Assessment (EAGEs). Based on the above project has as main objective to obtain cultivars (clones) in excess rubber with high production potential and force resistant Microcyclus ulei (P. Henn.) V. Arx. for different regions of Planalto and littoral of São Paulo. The project includes 15 experiments covering three distinct groups. The first related study and selection of progenies, according to the Evaluation of Small Scale Clones (EAPEs) and a third in the Evaluation of Large Scale Clones (EAGEs), most in progress at the Agronomic Institute (IAC). Everyone involved from pollination to the final release of the level of producer clones. In the evaluation of the experiments, among others will be considered rubber production, vigor and leaf diseases of the Tapping Panel, Cup format in order to wind resistance and quality of rubber produced. (AU)