Comparative study of the repair process using autogenous bone and beta-tricalcium phosphate in human sinus floor augmentation: tomographical, histological, histometrical and imunohistochemical evaluation

Abstract

Bone resorption and pneumatization of the maxillary sinus after the teeth loss in the posterior maxilla, associated with low bone density in this region, offers inappropriate region for the installation of dental implants. The correction of bone defects is the restoration of structures lost and can be replaced by alloplastic implants or bone grafting. The autogenous bone is considered the "gold standard" in bone grafts because of its osteogenic, osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties. However, it has disadvantages such as morbidity at the donor site, possibility of vascular-nerve injury, the unpredictable resorption and increased surgical time. As a result, much of the research seeks to develop materials, alloplastic or not, able to replace bone in reconstructions, overcoming the limitations of autografts. Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate (Chronos ® - Synthes - Rio Claro / SP) is a synthetic bone substitute, biocompatible, osteoconductive, available in the form of granules which can be used in augmentation of maxillary sinus. This study aims to compare the healing process using autogenous bone, autogenous bone associated with beta-tricalcium phosphate and beta-tricalcium phosphate only in maxillary sinus augmentation in humans using tomographic, histological, histometric, and immunohistochemistry analysis. (AU)