Evaluation of Osteoscaf® graft in rabbits maxillary sinus

Abstract

Currently, reconstructive surgery is performed routinely to correct a small or large bone defects previously to implant placement. It is known that the autogenous bone graft is the best for filling bone defects, because it has the ideal characteristics as: osteogenic, osteoinductive and osteoconductive. However it has limitations such as: the need for more surgeries, the morbidity of donor site, and limiting the amount of it. Studies are undertaken in order to obtain material for grafts with ideals biomechanical and osteogenic properties. The Osteoscaf® is a scaffold with similar porosity to human cancellous bone, formed by the union fully resorbable polylactic acid-co-glycolic (APLG) with two phases of calcium phosphate (CaP). The Osteoscaf® has shown bone growth both in vitro and in vivo and offer great potential for application in bioengineering. Some studies in animals have shown biocompatibility, osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties. The aim of this study is to evaluate new bone formation in surgery of maxillary sinus lifting in rabbits using Osteoscaf ® in granulated form and compare it with bone grafts using autogenous iliac crest removed, Bio-Oss ® and BoneCeramic ®. For this experiment will be used 66 adult white rabbits divided into 4 experimental groups analyzed 2, 4 and 8 weeks after graft surgery. All specimens are evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively by computed tomography. 6 specimens per group in each period will be analyzed by conventional optical microscopy and 3 samples per group, will be evaluated by confocal fluorescence microscopy by appointment fluorochrome (tetracycline, calcein and alizarin). In addition, there will be a quantitative expression of genes involved in bone repair [type I collagen, VEGF, osteocalcin (OCN), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and CBFA-1] in two specimens of each group by RealTimePCR, correlating expression with histological features observed. (AU)