The effect of lubrification and cooling techniques on non ferrous alloys machining by turning

Abstract

One way of minimizing the effects of the unproductive times caused by the tool wear, it can be reached by the introduction, in the process, of efficient lubri-refrigeration systems. However, in the last decade the researches had as goal restricts to the maximum the use of cutting fluids in the metal-mechanics production. The important factors that justify that procedure they include the operational costs of the production, ecological subjects, the legal demands of conservation of the environment and the preservation of the human being health. The objective of the proposed work is the study of the machining by turning with the focus in the influence caused by the application of different types of cutting fluid (mineral and vegetable base) and for several application forms (abundant and minimal quantity of fluid - MQF) and also through the comparison with the results obtained in the dry machining, in the other words, without the cutting fluid presence. For so much, the turning tests will be accomplished using an aluminum alloy (AA 7075) and a nickel alloy (Pyromet A31), one that shows a high machinability and other with a low machinability value. The answer variables analyzed would be the roughness obtained (Ra and Ry), the wear presented (VB) and its respective progressions in relation to the time or to the cutting length reached; the morphology (microscopy) and the deformation degree (microhardness) of the chip formed, besides the variations in the cutting forces through analysis by monitoring during the machining. The results of this work should offer more detailed information on to real influence of the cutting fluids in the turning of those alloys, that are characterized by the discharge it wear rates imposed to the tools (nickel) and discharges deformation rates when of the chip formation (aluminum) harming its machining and also the quality of the generated surface. Like this being, one hope to present subsidies to promote the machining optimization of these alloys removing the maximum advantage of the cutting fluid role. (AU)