Emerging technologies for the second energy transition: Solid oxide cells for a sustainable future

Abstract

This project focuses on the development of high-performance nanoceramics for clean energy generation with H2 while exploring other strategies for mitigating climate change. The project is based on heterogeneous catalysis applied to solid oxide cell (SOC) technology, enabling the efficient generation of energy with hydrogen, methane, natural gas, biogas, etc., in both solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and solid oxide electrolyzer cell (SOEC) operating modes. The goal is to develop new electrode and electrolyte materials, as well as more cost-effective catalysts with lower operating temperatures and resistance to degradation in operation (resistant to sulfur and carbon formation in operation with natural gas or biogas for SOFC cells), aiming to promote the rapid adoption of this technology. The project also includes the development of nanocatalysts similar to cell electrodes for the valorization of biogas through dry reforming, transforming it into synthesis gas, an industrially relevant fuel. To understand the functioning of the proposed nanomaterials, the project focuses on the development of advanced instrumentation for the new synchrotron Sirius (Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), CNPEM, Campinas), where the QUATI beamline is being constructed for multiple simultaneous techniques, enabling studies in both similar atmospheric and temperature conditions (in-situ) and operating conditions. In addition to experimental measurements, first-principles calculations will be used to model reactions to elucidate occurring phenomena. Therefore, this project will not only contribute to the development of clean energy through new materials for the second energy transition but will also result in new advanced instrumentation available for use at Sirius for the entire Latin American community. With the best materials, the aim is to establish a pilot plant for energy generation using H2 or hydrocarbons, disseminating this technology among participating groups. (AU)