Development of multifunctional niobium catalysts: advances in CO2 conversion and H2 generation

Abstract

The research project aims to achieve significant advancements in the field of energy conversion and the mitigation of climate change, with a focus on reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and sustainable hydrogen (H2) generation. In response to the growing global concern over climate change and its environmental impacts, this research aims to develop innovative catalysts that will play a crucial role in transforming the current energy landscape and transitioning to a more sustainable economy. The project begins with the meticulous synthesis of niobium oxide, utilizing the precipitation method at varying pH levels, followed by microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatment. This phase is intended to investigate how synthesis conditions affect the structural, physical, and chemical properties of niobium oxide, with a particular emphasis on understanding the influence of pH and microwave radiation on Lewis and Brønsted acidity and basicity, as well as their impact on its crystalline structure. The optimization of this synthesis is fundamental to ensure that the base material possesses the ideal characteristics to function as an effective catalyst. Subsequently, niobium oxide will be modified with metallic nanoparticles (Co, Ni, and Fe) and/or their respective metal oxides, with the purpose of enhancing their catalytic properties. The performance evaluation of these catalysts will take place in CO2 photoreduction processes under visible and/or ultraviolet (UV) radiation in different conditions. Moreover, the developed catalysts will be applied to hydrogen (H2) production through sodium borohydride hydrolysis, aiming to provide a clean energy source and contribute to the reduction of CO2 emissions from fossil fuels. In addition, a detailed characterization of the physical-chemical properties of the materials taught will be carried out using different techniques. This project represents an innovative and interdisciplinary approach, bringing together knowledge from diverse fields to develop practical and sustainable solutions for current energy and environmental challenges. The success of this project has the potential to transform how we produce energy, reduce CO2 emissions, and contribute to a more sustainable future. (AU)