Comparative study between photodynamic therapy with LED and probiotics in treatment of Halitosis: controlled and randomized clinical trial

Abstract

Halitosis is a term that defines any odor or bad smell originating from the oral cavity,which may have local or systemic origin. This project aims to verify whether there is adifference in the effectiveness of treatment with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy(aPDT) with LED associated with treatment using probiotics in reducing halitosis. 92participants will be selected, from 18 to 60 years old, with a diagnosis of halitosis,showing sulfide (SH2) e 112 ppb on gas chromatography. Participants will be randomlydivided into 4 groups (n=23), which received different treatments: Group 1 (control):brushing, dental floss and tongue scraper; Group 2: brushing, dental floss, tongue scraperand aPDT with blue LED and annatto; Group 3: brushing, dental floss, lingual scraperand aPDT with blue LED, annatto and probiotics in chewing gum (Streptococcussalivarius K12 (1 x 109 CFU) and xylitol (280mg); Group 4: brushing, dental floss,lingual scraper and probiotics in chewing gum (Streptococcus salivarius K12 (1 x 109UFC) and xylitol (280mg). The results of halimetry will be compared before, immediatelyafter treatment, thirty days after and sixty days after. viable bacteria colony forming unitof the tongue coating at these same times. The microbiome analysis will be performedbefore, thirty days after and sixty days after the treatments and DNA extraction. Allgroups will be treated by oral hygiene instruction with brush, toothpaste and dental flossas well as obtaining material for this practice. Data normality will be checked using theShapiro-Wilk test, and, in the case of normality, the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) testwill be applied, and, in the case of non-parametric data, the Kruskal-Wallis test will beused. To analyze the results of each treatment in the two study periods, the Wilcoxon testwill be used. (AU)