Evaluation of the ability of bacteria associated with plants to solubilize minerals present in soil remineralizer

Abstract

Bioagrocert Agricultural Solution is a company specialized in research, development and biotechnological innovations, which aims to contribute to sustainability and the environment, providing agribusiness with consultancy, advice and solutions. In view of the evolution of biological inputs, the company was created to serve the agricultural sector with technology, pioneering and responsibility, in order to bring solutions that can add productivity and sustainability to the agricultural sector. Recently, the use of biological resources in Brazilian agriculture has gained a new impetus, the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA) launched the National Bioinsumption Program instituted by Decree 10.375, which aims to expand and strengthen the use of bioinsumes for the promotion of sustainable development in Brazilian agriculture to reduce the dependence of rural producers on imported inputs and expand the supply of raw materials for the sector. Brazil is a major importer of soluble mineral sources and the demand is growing, making it necessary to search for economic alternatives. In this context, the use of alternative sources of fertilizers has grown in agricultural production systems, with excellent results for numerous crops, among the forms of fertilization that combine characteristics of efficiency and sustainability, there is the practice of rock formation, also known as remineralization. from soil. The use of remineralizers in agriculture presents itself as a complementary alternative to the fertilizations with synthetic fertilizers and minerals of high solubility, capable of minimizing the problems of the soil in the long term, allowing the availability of mineral nutrients for the plants and presents low cost considering the mineralogy and geochemistry of the selected rock. These products favor the physical, chemical and biological properties of soils, boosting crop productivity at a relatively low cost and making it possible. One of the main challenges encountered is the solubulization time of some minerals such as potassium and phosphorus, when applied to the soil in the form of rock dust. This process can be accelerated through the use of microorganisms beneficial to plants, such as fungi and bacteria associated with plants, some microorganisms are able to accelerate the solubilization of some minerals present in these rock powders and make these nutrients available to the soil and to the plants. In view of this, the proposed project aims to place on the market a soil conditioner and potential for the biosolubilization of minerals based on bacteria associated with plants. Endophytic and rhizospheric isolates, belonging to the collection of the Microbiology and Biomolecules laboratory at the Federal University of São Carlos, were previously characterized and demonstrated high "in vitro" skills in phosphate solubilization. The results can contribute to a better understanding of the environmental services provided by the microbial community and to the development of biotechnologies capable of increasing the availability of nutrients from remineralizers and reducing the nutritional requirements of plants from soluble fertilizers. The bioproduct generated in this project has great commercial potential, as it presents itself as an ecological and efficient alternative in the quick availability of minerals, increasing the efficiency of the rock formation technique, contributing to the biological, chemical and physical reconstruction of the soils, reducing dependence and costs agricultural inputs. (AU)