Resveratrol sublingual capsules: increased systemic bioavailability and effect on the protein composition of the acquired enamel pellicle

Abstract

Resveratrol is a polyphenol naturally produced by 72 different species of plants, with emphasis on grapes, vegetables, peanuts, soybeans and pomegranates. It has been widely studied for its different beneficial health effects, since it has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties, which means that its consumption is associated with a reduction in cholesterol levels, reduction of obesity, reduction of cardiovascular risk and diabetes prevention, in addition to having an anti-aging effect and having anti-cancer properties. After oral administration, the amount of free resveratrol in plasma is less than 1% of the amount ingested. In this way, its administration has been studied by alternative routes, which can increase its bioavailability, such as the transdermal route and the sublingual route, in this case using orodispersible tablets or films, or sublingual capsules. The latter is particularly attractive, since it is possible to take advantage of the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of resveratrol in the prophylaxis of oral diseases, such as caries and periodontal disease, in addition to the systemic effects already widely described. In addition, the administration of resveratrol by the sublingual route reduces the cost of using this polyphenol, allowing, due to the greater bioavailability, the use of doses 15 to 65 times lower than those that are being used in oral nutraceuticals today. Thus, the present study has the general objectives: 1) to evaluate in vivo the bioavailability of resveratrol when administered sublingually, through capsules; 2) to evaluate in vivo the effect of resveratrol on the protein composition of the acquired enamel film (PAE; on which, at a later stage, the bacteria of the oral biofilm, involved in the etiology of caries and periodontal disease) adhere. 10 fasting volunteers for 12 hours will participate in the study. An unstimulated blood and saliva sample will be collected, and dental prophylaxis will be performed to remove the SAP. Volunteers will receive a sublingual capsule, containing 15 mg of resveratrol. Blood samples and unstimulated saliva will then be collected after 15, 30, 60, 120 minutes and 4 hours of using the capsule, as well as PAE from all dental surfaces, after 120 minutes of using the capsule. In the following week, the volunteers will return to collect the PAE sample, which will be collected after using a sublingual placebo capsule (without resveratrol). The plasma and saliva samples will be analyzed for free resveratrol, using HPLC and the PAE samples will be subjected to marker-free quantitative proteomic analysis (nLC-ESI-MS / MS). The data will be checked for normality and homogeneity, to select the appropriate statistical test (p <0.05). (AU)