Role of monocyte subsets, circulating microparticles and chemokines in the Periodontal Disease associated with Diabetes

Abstract

Periodontal disease is caused by microorganisms that affect the tissues protecting and supporting the teeth, which can lead to tooth loss. Among the associated risk factors, Diabetes is the most prevalent and there is evidence of a bidirectional relationship between the two diseases, and the inflammatory process is the main characteristic. Subtypes of monocytes possess high plasticity and exert different functions related to the inflammatory process. Microparticles are released by different cell types after stimuli such as activation and apoptosis. The chemokines MCP-1 and RANTES are related to the monocyte recruitment. This project aims at a better understanding of the relationship between monocyte subtypes and circulating microparticles in Periodontal Disease, as well as possible modifications in these biomarkers induced by periodontal treatment. The identification, quantification and phenotypic characterization of monocyte subtypes (classical, intermediate and non-classical) as well as circulating microparticles (platelet, endothelial and monocytic) will be done by flow cytometry at baseline and after 30 days of non-surgical periodontal treatment, in patients with Periodontal Disease associated or not with Diabetes. The analysis of the chemokines MCP-1 and RANTES will also be performed by Multiplex Immunoassay, on gingival fluid. The better understanding of the differentiated role of monocyte subtypes, microparticles and the chemokines MCP-1 and RANTES in Periodontal Disease may be a new strategic target for a higher comprehension of the inflammatory mechanisms associated with the disease. (AU)