Development of a radiometric weather station for nowcasting application

Abstract

Atmospheric sounding by means of the microwave radiometry technique have a recent history of application and have as main purpose the knowledge of the presence of water in the atmosphere in its different thermodynamic phases, and the determination temperature profiles in order to provide direct and indirect information for meteorological national services and to feed numerical models of weather forecasting. This technique has presented some advantages over traditional methods, such as the radiosonde, mainly in terms of time resolution and low operating costs. However, the cost of purchasing this equipment is still considered high. In a recent research project carried out by the proponent of this project, the efficiency of this technique was verified using a radiometer (the only one in the country at the time), based on the results of well-adjusted vertical humidity and temperature profiles in relation to radiosondes. Also, in the context of this research, it was also verified that there was no similar domestic product and therefore is proposed a study that would verify the technical and commercial viability of developing and producing a similar low cost product.In a second arrangement, the equipment could operate along with other sensors, such as rain gauges, wind speed meters, pressure and temperature sensors, etc., in order to obtain a weather station for nowcasting. Taking these factors into account, this research proposal presents the activities to be carried out to obtain a technical analysis for the development of a radiometric station for application in nowcasting. The main challenge of this work will be to study the technique of data retrieval by multi-channel radiometry in the frequency range 22 to 30 GHz and also in the range of 51 to 60 GHz. During the research project, it is hoped to generate relevant results that will contribute to the expansion of the knowledge of the technique and that are sufficient to continue with other studies and developments suggested in the proposal. (AU)