Embedded system for spot scattering correction in miniaturized satellites

Abstract

This research project presented by Opto is intimately related to applications of the field of terrestrial observation satellite cameras. The main objective of this project is to develop an embedded system to assess and correct the effect of point light scattering on images captured by miniaturized satellites. Each and every optical system presents intrinsic characteristics that deteriorate the image obtained by the sensor elements. This degradation is commonly measured by the Point Spread Function (PSF) and can be minimized by the use of computational methods. Assuming that the system's PSF is known and the acquiring process of the imaging sensors inserts undesirable degradations, it is possible to use suitable multispectral image restorative algorithms, such as the iterative Richardson-Lucy Deconvolution, in order to reduce the effects of image degradation. The use of this algorithm is highly beneficial for the system since it is capable of correcting diffractive aberrations and physical limitations from the optical system as well as suppressing the sensor reading noises providing a higher quality image for the system. For the development of an optimal algorithm, having information about the optical cannon used and the sensor elements are required, thus, one of the first steps in the development of the project is the definition, purchase and characterization of commercial cannons and sensors that can be used in commercial satellites. Initially the verification will be done through computer simulations and later on with hardware-in-the-loop technic, enabling the connection of the developed embedded electronics to a hardware simulator. The company has historically demonstrated successful results in the development and manufacture of optical parts and electronic boards for satellites as well as controlling firmware. With this project, the company will expand its portfolio and aggregate the new developed technologies to its products. The methodology applied to the project will be based on the same methodology currently used by the company to development innovative products. At the end of the research, it is desirable to accomplish an efficient embedded system containing capable and functional image processing algorithms in both virtual environment and hardware topologies. It is expected that the image correction algorithm be able to remove the degrading effects from the optical elements and sensor elements improving the quality of the optical acquisition system as a whole. The direct revenue generated by this research project is not enough to reach an adequate financial equilibrium point, but Opto understands that it will be better positioned technically in the future to compete for terrestrial observation satellite camera projects in Brazil. Opto bets on the continuity of the Brazilian space program focused on satellites. (AU)