Multi-User Equipment approved in grant 2017/50338-9: NIR Analyser

Abstract

Spectroscopic methods utilize a detection system that captures the interaction of electromagnetic waves with the elements of interest. It is a non-invasive, non-destructive method with little interference from the analyst's subjectivity. Additionally it does not require the use of substances that act as extractors and do not generate analytical residues. Among these, near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is promising for use in soil analysis for fertility purposes. The Agronomic Institute is a research and development institution that for more than a century has been searching for solutions for farmers with a scientific base. It has a proficiency program for 34 years that analyzes the quality of the soil analysis of public and private laboratories that provide service to farmers from São Paulo, Brazil and even from other countries. It should be noted that the fertility and fertilizer and waste laboratories are accredited by ISO 17.025 and, in addition to research activities, provide analytical services to the production sector, and its continuous use. It is added that soil organic matter (SOM) determination by most laboratories is performed by a method using oxidation with sulfuric acid and potassium dichromate. This method generates an oxidizing chemical that is hazardous to the environment. The disposal of this material must be after its neutralization, generating costs and occupational hazard for the laboratory staff. In view of the possibility of using NIR technology, a study is necessary that leads to the change of method of SOM analysis that is the responsibility of the IAC, as an organ of SAA-SP, to lead. There is a need to conduct extensive trials with various soil elements to verify the thesis that NIR technology can be used for other soil elements other than organic carbon. Considering that fertilizers account for 30% of the costs in agricultural production, this technique has the advantage that it is no longer necessary to grind the sample in advance, with very rapid analysis, and without waste as in the case of SOM. Equipment calibration samples are the individual raw materials or mixtures of known composition. Another relevant point is that the NIRS is not restricted to soil analysis. It is widely used in a wide range of industry sectors, from food to pharmaceutical, which does not restrict the potential for use. It should contribute to elucidate the relationship between nutrient availability and plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses to advance knowledge and appropriate management recommendations to producers. (AU)