Effects of high-fat diet palatable consumption and exercise on Central and peripheral inflammatory parameters in female rats and your relationship with anxiety and depression-type behaviors

Abstract

The consumption of foods with high energy density, inadequate intake of nutrients and decreasing levels of physical activity are risk factors for the incidence of several chronic diseases in the world population, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes type 2, some types of cancer and dementia. The ingestion of hiperlipídicas diets (DHs), including palatable diets, triggers the development of obesity, increased levels of inflammatory mediators and the elevation of oxidative stress in peripheral and central tissues. And more, mood disorders, anxiety and depressive behaviors have been associated with the consumption of DHs forward to increased inflammation and oxidative stress in several areas of the brain. It is important to consider that the relationship between the consumption of DHs, neurochemical changes and behaviors of the type anxiety and depression can also be influenced by sex hormones. Some studies have reported different behavioral responses between genders by consumption of palatable DHs. On the other hand, physical exercise has been described as positive intervention in the fight against the deleterious effects of consumption of DHs, the increase of inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress and excess adiposity in central and peripheral tissues. Many authors suggest that physical activity correlates inversely to anxious and depressive behaviors and positively to the increase in the levels of neutrofinas, as the BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor). The mechanisms by which the consumption of diets and physical exercise can cause these effects are still not completely elucidated, and are less investigated in females, in which the group of mood disorders and anxiety disorders are more prevalent. In this context, the objective of this study is to investigate the effects palatable fat diet consumption, associated or not to moderate physical exercise on inflammatory parameters and cerebral and peripheral oxidative balance of rats in different phases of the estrous cycle and its influence on behavior of anxiety and depression, considering the complexity of these organic amendments and the metabolism of this genre. (AU)