Development of inks of calcium phosphate/polymers using 3D printing to obtain scaffolds applied to tissue engineering

Abstract

Considering the aging of the population, increase in expectation and quality of life, increase in accident rates (traffic and violence), economic and technological aspects, the development of biomaterials for tissue regeneration is of great importance and their demand grows daily. Degenerative diseases represent a significant amount of chronic, progressive and often fatal with negative social and human impacts , for which there are no effective therapeutic approaches and are associated with a progressive decline in function of the fabric that share many features of aging. It is estimated that there are 600 million people in the world with 60 years or more, and that could double by 2025, reaching two billions by 2050. The economic impact of morbidity in this population represents a significant burden, which requires quick and effective solutions. Biomaterials is one of the important parts of the pharmaceutical and biomedical devices. The development of new biomaterials, with new technologies and national raw materials reduces the initial cost of acquisition of bioproducts and allows their popularization in surgical procedures. Currently, the technology of three-dimensional (3D) (additive manufacturing, rapid prototyping) is receiving significant attention in the area of Biomaterials science. This technology has great potential for using in the manufacture of artificial substitutes for being doable, quickly and economically viable, allowing customization of the devices manufactured (customization) to be employed as biomaterials in relation to biocompatibility, biofuncionability, shape, porosity and mechanical properties. Polymers and calcium phosphates form composite materials suitable for the manufacture of 3D Scaffolds, due to his compositions, combining favorable properties of both materials. Calcium phosphates (ACP, OCP, HA) are used in the preparation of biomaterials, due to its excellent properties such as DBM and bioactivity. In addition, the polymers of cellulose (HPMC and bacterial cellulose) and caprolactones are biocompatible materials used widely in tissue regeneration. The goal of this project is to study the feasibility of using polymers and calcium phosphates synthesized for the development of paints to be used in obtaining Scaffolds using 3D printing technology. To meet this goal, the synthesis of calcium phosphates (ACP, OCP, HA) will be done at bench scale. In addition, different polymers will be studied for the development and subsequent proposal for 3D printing inks. This project will provide a biomaterial with appropriate properties to be employed in the manufacture of 3D Scaffold for using in tissue engineering. This research is perfectly within the requirement of a PIPE-FAPESP Project, as it may generate a new product development with national technology and national raw material, commercially viable in the domestic and international markets and also with realistic cost with Brazilian society. (AU)